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Nissan Patrol, Ford Maverick1988-1997 of releaseRepair and car operation |
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Nissan Patrol and Ford Maverik + Cars of the Nissan Patrol and Ford Maverick series + Diagnostics of malfunctions + Settings and routine maintenance + Engine + Systems of cooling, heating and air conditioning + the Power supply system and production of the fulfilled gases + Systems of decrease in toxicity of the fulfilled gases + Systems of electric equipment of the engine + Transmission + Coupling + Brake system + Forward and back bridges, running gear and steering + Body - Onboard electric equipment The elementary diagnostic equipment and examples of its application Removal and installation of the press button of a horn Switches Alarm and lighting devices Removal and installation of a combination of devices Service of the sensor of a speedometer Audiosystem service Removal and installation of the motor of the fan of a heater Service of cleaners of a windscreen Service of a cleaner of back glass Safety locks, fusible inserts and relay Electroconducting of a food of electric equipment of the trailer Schemes of electric connections - Appendices Size table and adjustments System of onboard diagnostics (OBD) principle of functioning and codes of malfunctions |
System of onboard diagnostics (OBD) principle of functioning and codes of malfunctions Data on diagnostic devices General description of OBD system All models described in the real Management are equipped with system of onboard diagnostics (OBD). Basic element of system is the onboard processor more often called by the electronic module of management of functioning of the power unit (RSM). RSM is a brain of a control system of the engine. Basic data arrive on the module from various information sensors and other electronic components (switches, the relay etc.). On the basis of the analysis of data arriving from information sensors and according to put in memory of the processor in base parameters, RSM develops commands for operation of various operating relays and actuation mechanisms, carrying out thereby adjustment of working parameters of the engine and providing maximum efficiency of its return at the minimum fuel consumption. On service of components of control systems of engine/decrease in toxicity of the fulfilled gases special guarantee certificates with the prolonged validity period extend. It is not necessary to undertake attempts of independent performance of problem diagnostics of RSM or replacement of components of system, to an exit of terms of these obligations, - address to specialists of firm car repair shops of the Nissan company.Information sensors The sensor of provision of a camshaft (SMR) - the Sensor develops information signals on the basis of which analysis of RSM defines the current phase of a gazoraspredeleniye and frequency of rotation of the engine, using received information at management of sequence of injection and ignition of an air and fuel mix in combustion chambers. The sensor (and) the provision of a cranked shaft (SKR) - On latest models two SKR sensors whereas on earlier models one such sensor was applied only are used. Signals arriving from sensors are used by RSM as basic at definition of turns of the engine and positions VMT of the piston of each of cylinders. On the basis of received information of RSM exercises administration of sequence of injection and ignition of an air and fuel mix in combustion chambers. In OBD-II systems signals developed by SKR sensors are used also at problem diagnostics of the power unit. The sensor of temperature of cooling liquid of the engine (eats) - on the basis of information of RSM arriving from the sensor carries out necessary corrections of structure of an air and fuel mix and a corner of an advancing of ignition, and also supervises EGR system work. The sensor of temperature of EGR - information Arriving from the sensor is used at determination of intensity of a retsirkulyatsiya of the fulfilled gases to the reception highway of the engine. The sensor of temperature of fuel - RSM uses information issued by the sensor at problem diagnostics of components of system. The sensor of temperature of soaked-up air (IAT) - RSM uses information arriving from the IAT sensor at adjustments of parameters of injection, installations of a corner of an advancing of ignition and at management of EGR system functioning. The detonation sensor - the Sensor represents a piezoelement reacting to change of intensity of vibrations of the engine. On the basis of the analysis of information of RSM arriving from the sensor carries out corrections of a corner of an advancing of ignition for the purpose of timely elimination arising in chambers of combustion of a detonation of the air and fuel mix fraught with premature wear of internal components of the engine. The sensor of absolute pressure in the pipeline (MAR) (late models) - the Sensor supervises variations of depth of depression in the inlet pipeline, connected with changes of turns of a cranked shaft and load of the engine, and will transform received information to a peak signal. Information arriving from the sensor is used by the management module at engine problem diagnostics. The measuring instrument of weight of air (MAF) - the MAF Sensor defines volume and weight parameters of an air stream arriving in the inlet pipeline. As a sensitive element in the sensor the filament is used. RSM uses information delivered by MAR and IAT sensors at thin adjustments of parameters of injection. The oxygen sensor (a lambda - a probe) - the Sensor develops a signal which amplitude depends on a ratio of amount of the oxygen (О2) containing in fulfilled gases of the engine and external air. On the basis of information of RSM arriving from the sensor defines parameters of an air and fuel mix, in due time carrying out its enrichment or pauperization. The sensor switch of pressure of working liquid of system of hydrostrengthening of a wheel (PSP) - on the basis of information of RSM arriving from the PSP sensor switch provides increase of turns of idling (at the expense of IAC valve operation) for the purpose of compensation of increasing loads of the engine, connected with functioning of the steering hydraulic booster at commission of maneuvers. The sensor of provision of a butterfly valve (TPS) - the Sensor is located on the case of a throttle and connected to a butterfly valve axis. By amplitude of given-out TPS of a signal of RSM determines a corner of opening of a butterfly valve (copes the driver from a gas pedal) and as appropriate corrects supply of fuel to inlet ports of chambers of combustion. Failure of the sensor, or weakening of its fastening leads to interruptions of injection and violations of stability of turns of idling. The sensor of speed of movement of the car (VSS) - As appears from its name, the sensor informs the processor on the current speed of movement of the car. Other, controllable RSM parameters - Besides given out by the sensors listed above on RSM also additional information on functioning of various knots and the systems defining performance data of the engine arrives. To number other, systems and knots, management of which functioning carries out RSM, the following belongs:
Actuation mechanisms The relay of management of functioning of the coupling of coupling To/in - RSM carries out To/in compressor shutdown during intensive acceleration. Control lamp “Check the engine” - RSM makes inclusion of this control lamp at emergence of refusals of functioning of a control system by the engine. The relay of management of functioning of fans of system of cooling - RSM exercises administration of functioning of fans of system of cooling on the basis of the analysis of the signals arriving from the sensor of temperature of cooling liquid. Vacuum electromagnetic valves of management of EGR - RSM operates extent of opening of the vacuum EGR valve via the special intermediate electromagnetic valve. The EGR valve - On the RSM late models exercises administration of a stream of a retsirkulyatsiya of the fulfilled gases via the electronic EGR valve. The valve of a purge of a coal adsorber - This electromagnetic valve, working at the command of RSM, carries out a purge of a coal adsorber of EVAP system, deducing the fuel evaporations which have accumulated in it to the inlet highway of the engine. The electromagnetic valve of management of turns of fast idling - This valve is applied on latest models and serves for increase in turns of idling in cold weather. In fact this valve carries out a role of an air zaslonka on carburetor models. The forward support of a suspension bracket of the power unit - On the RSM some models supervises also rigidity of a forward support of the engine depending on speed of movement of the car. Minimization of vibrations is carried out by a choice of one of two installations of a support. Injectors of injection of fuel - RSM provides individual inclusion of each of injectors according to an ignition established order. Besides, the module supervises duration of opening of the injectors, defined in the width of an operating impulse measured in milliseconds and defining amount of fuel injected into the cylinder. More detailed information on a principle of functioning of system of injection, replacement and service of injectors is provided in Chapter 7. The relay of the fuel pump - the Relay is activated by the management module at an ignition key povorachivaniye in the situation START/RUN. At inclusion of ignition of the relay carries out food giving on a gasoline pump which provides pressure lifting in a path of a power supply system of the car. More detailed information on location and a principle of functioning of the relay is provided in Chapters 5 and 31. The valve of stabilization of turns of idling (IAC) - the IAC Valve carries out a dosage of amount of the air which is restarted up bypassing a butterfly valve when the last is closed, or occupies the provision of idling. Opening of the valve and formation of a rezultiruyushchy air stream RSM operates. The heater of the oxygen sensor - Control of functioning of this device carries out RSM. The heater makes a fast warming up of a l-probe to normal working temperature. The power transistor - the Transistor carries out strengthening of a signal of the ignition developed by RSM and in the fullness of time makes instant grounding on mass of primary contour of system of ignition that causes generation of VV of the signal which is given out by the coil (ами) in a secondary chain of system is direct on spark plugs. The electromagnet of management of functioning of the valve of capacity - On late models management of functioning of the valve of capacity carries out RSM by means of a special electromagnet. The module of management of functioning of transmission (TSM) - TSM, being the module of management separate of RSM, receives signals from various information sensors, such as VSS, the sensor switch of permission of start, the sensor of turns of a shaft of the turbine, TPS, SMR, etc., and uses accepted data at definition of the moment of switching of transfer of AT demanded pressure in a path and the moment of blocking of the converter of rotation.Reading of codes of malfunctions At detection of the malfunction repeating in a row in spirit trips, RSM gives out command for inclusion of the control lamp built in in an instrument guard “Check the engine”, called also the indicator of refusals. The lamp will continue to burn until then, violation will not disappear, and will not be shown during three and more trips.The control unit with one light-emitting diode Include ignition. To Peremknita IGN and CHK socket contacts and in 2 seconds remove a crossing point. Consider lamp flashes. The number of long flashes corresponds to number of tens of code, quantity of the short – to quantity of units. In need of memory cleaning again перемкните the above-stated contacts and in 2 seconds remove a crossing point. Switch off ignition.
The control unit with red and green light-emitting diodes
- the 2nd gleam the mode of check of a contour of quality management of a mix (the green diode burns, red does not burn) will join. Start the engine. The system will make self-diagnostics and in case of lack of malfunctions the green light-emitting diode will start to blink. The red light-emitting diode burns constantly – a mix переобеднена. The red light-emitting diode does not burn – a mix переобогащена. The red light-emitting diode blinks together with the zaleny – the mix is optimum. - the 4th gleam the mode of check of a contour of the sensor of position of butterfly valve/speed of the car (the red diode burns) will join. Start the engine. The red light-emitting diode should light up and die away by each pressing a gas pedal. At car movement the green diode should light up at excess of speed of 19 km/h. - the 5th gleam the mode of dynamic check will join. Start the engine and, changing turns, watch diodes. One flash of the red – malfunction in a chain of the sensor of position of the crankshaft; Two flashes of the green – malfunction in a chain of a measuring instrument of an air stream; Three flashes of the red – malfunction in a chain of the fuel pump; Four flashes of the green – malfunction in a chain of system of ignition. Stop the engine. Cleaning of memory ESM/RSM After the violations revealed in the course of diagnostics will be eliminated, it is necessary to clear memory of RSM of the codes of malfunctions written down in it.
List of codes of malfunctions of system of self-diagnostics
Diagnostics of systems of safety It is made on a control lamp of SRS on a control panel or by means of a diagnostic lamp. Models with the pyrotechnic device of a tension of seat belts By means of a diagnostic lamp At the switched-off ignition перемкните contacts 7 and 11 diagnostic sockets through a lamp no more 3.3Вт. Include ignition. If everything is all right the lamp goes out approximately in 6 seconds. If the lamp blinks conducting of the device of pyrotechnic natyazhitel of belts or the control unit is probably damaged. On a control lamp of SRS At the switched-off ignition open a driver's door and include ignition. Be convinced that the lamp burns and during 7 seconds of 5 times press the switch of a driver's door. In 2 seconds after a lamp pogasaniye it will begin delivery of blinking codes.
Diagnostics of system of anti-blocking of brakes Start the engine and pass on the car with speed of 30 km/h not less than 1 minute. Switch off ignition and close a conclusion 4 diagnostic sockets on the case. Include ignition and consider codes by flashes of a control lamp of ABS. Do not press a brake pedal during testing.
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