Nissan Patrol, Ford Maverick

1988-1997 of release

Repair and car operation

Problem diagnostics at engine start in road conditions

Check of systems of ignition and electric equipment

PERFORMANCE ORDER

Include ignition and make sure of serviceability of a luminescence of a control lamp on the dashboard. Include a starter and check stability of a provorachivaniye to them the engine. Include head headlights and check intensity of their luminescence. If head headlights do not burn, or the starter does not turn the engine act as follows:

Disconnect wires from the battery and smooth out both plugs and terminal clips (see an accompanying illustration). Again connect wires and reliably (but it is not excessive) tighten clips.

At bad contact of the plug usually are considerably warmed up after several attempts of start.

Check a condition and reliability of fastening of tires of grounding of the battery on the engine, the engine on a frame. Also check contacts of tires on existence of signs of oxidation and pollution. Check serviceability of the wire going from the battery to a starter, and also an external condition of the traction relay of a starter. Check also purity and reliability of fastening of plugs of a wire. Repeat verifications of the first three paragraphs of subsection. if the starter on the former does not turn the engine or lamps do not burn, one of listed below situations is possible.

The starter or lamps does not function

The battery is faulty or discharged.

Headlights burn, but the starter does not function

The fusible insert on the battery failed.

The drive of a starter is jammed, being entered into gearing with a gear wreath of a flywheel

The traction relay of a starter is faulty. The ignition lock is faulty. On models from AT - the switch of shutdown of a chain of a starter, a safety lock or the relay is faulty.

Headlights are shone with the lowered intensity, and the starter rotates too slowly

The battery is discharged or the starter motor is faulty. The battery is discharged owing to break or a proskalzyvaniye of a driving belt of the generator. Burst one or several banok in the battery.

Models with the contact breaker

PERFORMANCE ORDER

Expose an interelectrode gap of a spare spark plug of served type of equal 6 mm. Reliably earth the candle case by means of a wire crossing point (see an accompanying illustration), or having densely pressed a candle to reliably earthed point on the engine block (примотайте its cord or an adhesive tape). Remove a candle wire and connect it to this trial candle.

Ask the assistant to include a starter. Between electrodes of a trial candle the spark should slip. If the spark is not present, or it has yellow coloring and weak intensity, pass to performance of procedure of the following paragraph. If the spark has sufficient intensity, pass described below check. Disconnect a wire of the coil of ignition from a cover of the distributor and bring it to a trial candle. Repeat the check described above. If on a candle the strong spark of brightly blue color is formed, the cause of failure lies in malfunction of a cover of the distributor, its begunka, the screen of switching of the limiter of turns or a candle wire. If the spark on the former is absent, switch off ignition and execute the following checks:

Check a condition of VV of candle wires (see an accompanying illustration), - they should be dry and without cracks in isolation.

Check on availability of moisture and dirt a distributor cover. Examine internal surfaces of a cover and the screen of the limiter of turns of the distributor on existence of cracks and coal paths (see an accompanying illustration), special attention giving to sites between contact segments of spark plugs in a cover and electrodes in the screen.

Check purity, dryness and reliability of fastening in a cover of the distributor of contact connections of wires sechy and ignition coils. Make sure that the coal brush in the center of an internal surface of a cover of the distributor is dry and pure. Check a condition and reliability of fastening of NV of wires on the ignition coil. Make sure of lack of signs of oxidation of their plugs.

Make sure that the electric current reaches the coil at ignition inclusion. Use a lamp sampler, having included it between NV the positive plug of the coil and well earthed point (see an accompanying illustration). Make sure that contacts of the breaker are opened, or заизолируйте them for the period of carrying out this check by a dielectric tape. If the lamp sampler lights up, being connected with turned to the lock of ignition of the party of the coil and does not burn at connection to turned to the breaker of contacts of the party, the probability of damage of primary winding of the coil is not excluded. Remove the coil or check it by replacement by the obviously serviceable.

The lamp does not burn

Chain break between the lock of ignition and the positive plug of the coil takes place. Besides by means of a lamp sampler make sure of serviceability of giving of a food on the ignition and NV lock the socket of a plait of electroconducting of the engine.

If the lamp sampler available is absent, NV can be disconnected a wire from turned to the lock of ignition of the party of the coil and to bring to reliably earthed point for the purpose of current stock-taking. Similar to the second NV the wire can be disconnected from the distributor and is earthed for current stock-taking. During performance of check of point g) watch that contacts of the breaker were opened (заизолированы), and ignition is included (a key - in the situation ON).

The coil, the condenser or candle wires is faulty

To failure of the coil points strong прогар either contacts of the breaker or existence with them deep cavities - replace the condenser and breaker contacts.

If during performance listed above checks and correction of the revealed defects it is possible to achieve a spark of sufficient efficiency, but the engine on the former is not started, remove all spark plugs and check their condition and size of interelectrode gaps.

Models with electronic ignition

PERFORMANCE ORDER

Expose an interelectrode gap of a spare spark plug of served type of equal 6 mm. Reliably earth the candle case by means of a wire crossing point, or having densely pressed a candle to reliably earthed point on the engine block (примотайте its cord or an adhesive tape). Remove a candle wire and connect it to this trial candle.

Working with electronic system of ignition or near its components it is necessary to observe the certain precautionary measures connected with danger of receiving electric shock at contact with elements VV of primary and secondary contours of system.
Before starting a detachment or connection of any components of electronic system, switch off ignition in order to avoid receiving electric blow and failure of system of ignition.

Check a condition of VV of candle wires - they should be dry and without cracks in isolation.

Check a distributor begunok on existence of cracks, mud deposits and прогаров a metal nouse. Make sure of presence on the place and serviceability of a spring of restriction of rotation of the button a begunka (on an accompanying illustration check of a spring of a rotor on model of 4.2 l is shown). Check purity, dryness and reliability of fastening in a cover of the distributor of contact connections of wires sechy and ignition coils. Make sure that the coal brush in the center of an internal surface of a cover of the distributor is dry and pure.

It is not necessary to make further checks of electronic system of ignition as their performance is connected with risk of receiving electric shock as a result of influence of the high voltage which is present at primary and secondary contours of system. Rules of performance of procedures are described in the Section devoted to electronic system of ignition.

Power supply system check

Under condition of a guarantee of availability of fuel in a fuel tank check of presence of fuel in the poplavkovy chamber of the carburetor should become the first check. On the carburetors equipped with an observation port, check presence of fuel at the chamber visually. Level of fuel should reach the middle of an observation port.

For performance of the following check remove assembly of an air purifier and glance in a carburetor mouth at an open air zaslonka. Continuing to look in a mouth, several times open and close a butterfly valve, moving a hand its draft. If at movement of a butterfly valve fuel injection through a digit nozzle of the accelerating pump is observed, it means that the poplavkovy chamber is filled and the power supply system functions regularly (see an accompanying illustration).

If injection does not occur, act as it is described below.

PERFORMANCE ORDER

Disunite NV the socket of the coil of ignition in order to avoid casual start of the engine during check performance.

Disconnect a hose of supply of fuel from the carburetor and lower it in drain capacity. Ask the assistant to include several times a starter and watch fuel pushing out from a hose. If fuel is splashed out in capacity regularly, pass the procedures described in three subsequent paragraphs if is not present - pass to performance of these procedures.

Disconnect hoses and take from an impellent compartment the fuel filter. Make sure that the filter is blown in both directions. In case of need make its replacement. Establish the serviceable filter into place, having reliably fixed hoses collars. On models of 4.2 l disconnect the line of supply of fuel from a fuel tank from the inlet party of the fuel pump. Uncover a jellied mouth of a fuel tank and ask the assistant to listen to the sounds which are starting with a mouth. Blow to the fuel line in the direction to a fuel tank. If passableness of the line is not broken, the assistant will hear a gurgling in a tank.

The check described above cannot be executed on models of 3.0 l as they are equipped with the electric fuel pump built in a fuel tank equipped with the unilateral control valve. If after pro-cleaning of the fuel filter supply of fuel is not restored, address for more detailed information to the Section devoted to a power supply system and execute the corresponding check of serviceability of functioning of the electric fuel pump.

Connect the fuel line to the fuel pump and check supply of fuel from the pump. If supply of fuel to the carburetor party of the pump is absent, one of listed below refusals is possible.

Models of 3.0 l

The fuel pump is faulty. The safety lock is beaten out. Electroconducting is faulty. The control unit failed. Passableness of fuel lines is broken.

Models of 4.2 l

Gurgling in a tank at blowing off of a gasoline pipe line is not audible Passableness of the fuel line is broken, or break takes place. The mesh filter of the line of a fence of fuel is hammered.

Gurgling takes place, but supply of fuel from the pump is absent
The fuel pump is faulty. See the appropriate section devoted to diagnostics of malfunctions of the pump.

If fuel regularly arrives in a gasoline pipe line from the carburetor party, and the engine on the former is not started, execute the following checks:

PERFORMANCE ORDER

Make sure that there was no carburetor flood owing to excessively intensive kachaniye of a pedal of gas in attempt to make start. Also make sure that the air zaslonka is not jammed in a closed position if the engine is heated-up to normal working temperature. Sometimes it is possible to eliminate consequences of the gulf of the carburetor with a postukivaniye way on the poplavkovy chamber around placement of the needle valve and its saddle (see an accompanying illustration).

The fuel filter is blocked. The needle valve is jammed or blocked. The control valve is not closed properly. Leakages of air in the inlet pipeline or through basic flanges of the carburetor owing to deformation or destruction of laying take place. The hose of the vacuum amplifier of brakes is punched or weakened connection between the amplifier and the inlet pipeline.

Models of 4.2 l of late years of the release, equipped with system of injection of fuel (EFI)

In view of complexity of the device of EFI systems originators of this Management recommend to the reader in case performance listed below checks does not allow to reveal a cause of failure (the engine on the former is not started), to address for additional data to the appropriate section devoted to diagnostics of malfunctions of systems of injection of fuel and engine management is lower in this Chapter.

PERFORMANCE ORDER

Make sure available of a fuel tank of enough of fuel.

Press a hose of supply of fuel on a site on the middle between the fuel filter and the fuel highway (see an accompanying illustration) and ask the assistant to include ignition. The relay of the fuel pump should publish distinctly heard click, and in a hose there should be the notable pulsations testifying to serviceability of supply of fuel by a gasoline pump. At low level of an external noise background it is possible to hear also through a jellied mouth of a fuel tank the hum published by the pump within about five seconds after inclusion of ignition.

to diagnostics of malfunctions of systems of injection of fuel and engine management

Check of mechanical systems

Described below procedure are subject to performance in case the starter normally turns the engine. Otherwise squeeze out coupling for disconnection of the engine from a transmission (model with RKPP).

If the starter on the former cannot turn the engine, a cause of failure is not malfunction of transmission, - remove a starter and try to turn the engine manually. Whether such check will allow to define the cause of failure in jamming or starter failure lies, or mechanical breakage of internal components of the engine, such as shatunno-piston assemblies, a cranked shaft etc. takes place. If the starter in an order and the engine is not turned manually, Address to the Section devoted to diagnostics of the reasons of mechanical engine failures is lower.

It is necessary to remember that the only correct way of check of kompressionny pressure in cylinders of the engine is check with use компрессометра. The method of check of degree of compression described below allows to estimate only in a rough form the general mechanical condition of the engine.

PERFORMANCE ORDER

Uncover a radiator and check level of cooling liquid in it. If level excessively fell, attentively examine the power unit on existence of signs of external leaks. Take щуп measurements of level of impellent oil, and examine its edge about identification of signs of foaming of oil (see an accompanying illustration). If oil on an edge щупа has a molochnoobrazny consistence, at simultaneous increase of its level, pass three following operations and pass to performance of further checks.

Disconnect ignition system by a detachment of a positive wire from the ignition coil. Turn out all spark plugs, except for one. Include the starter and listen to the sounds published by the turned engine. Serially rearrange a candle in different cylinders, repeating check. The sound published at operation of the cylinder with the lowered compression considerably will differ aurally. Besides, the serviceable cylinder will create appreciable resistance to an engine provorachivaniye while the engine provorachivaniye with established in the cylinder a candle will freely occur to the lowered compression. If during above-mentioned checks leakages of cooling liquid and presence of its traces at impellent oil or on spark plugs are revealed, it is necessary to check a condition of laying of a head of cylinders, to examine the block and existence of cracks, and also to measure planeness of interfaced surfaces of a head with the block. If during estimated check of extent of compression easing or unevenness of distribution of kompressionny pressure is revealed, to the list of the possible reasons listed in the previous paragraph it is necessary to add defect of the piston (it) and a burn-out or defect of the valve (ов). If during performance of the listed checks it is not revealed signs of internal leakages of cooling liquid, continue diagnostics procedure, having executed described below check. Uncover the distributor of ignition and make sure that at the included starter the begunok of the distributor rotates synchronously with the engine. Uncover heads of cylinders and at the included starter of the valve regularly open and closed during an engine provorachivaniye. Further, if the begunok or valves do not function properly, the options listed below are possible.

Begunok does not rotate, but valves function regularly

The driving gear wheel of the distributor or its shaft is cut off.

Do not function neither a begunok, nor valves

Defect of a camshaft or gas-distributing belt (3.0 l) / chains (4.2 l) takes place.

If during the correct performance of all listed checks of any deviations from norm it is not revealed, it is necessary to check only correctness of installation of a corner of an advancing of ignition and gazoraspredeleniye phases. It is necessary to notice however that if violation of installation of a corner of an advancing of ignition appears a cause of failure it is necessary to find out the reason of this violation, especially if till the last moment the engine was started and functioned regularly.

For check of installation of a corner of an advancing of ignition and phases of a gazoraspredeleniye it is necessary to remove covers of the distributor and a head of cylinders and to turn the engine clockwise for a pulley of a cranked shaft so that the piston of the first cylinder appeared in the provision VMT of the end of a step of compression. Thus valves of the first cylinder should appear closed, and the begunok of the distributor to turn a nouse to a segment of VV of a wire of a spark plug of the first cylinder in a distributor cover.